Conciudadanos del Senado y de la Cámara de
Representantes:
Entre los incidentes que conforman las vicisitudes
de la vida, ningún caso podría haberme llenado de mayores angustias que la causada
por la notificación transmitida por su decreto, y recibida el decimocuarto día
del presente mes. Por un lado, me llamaron por mi país, cuya voz nunca puedo
escuchar sino con veneración y amor, de un retiro que había elegido con la
predilección más preciada y, en mis esperanzas lisonjeras, con una decisión
inmutable, como la de asilo de mis años de decadencia: un refugio que fue cada
día más necesario y más querido para mí, por la adición de la costumbre a la
inclinación, y de las frecuentes interrupciones en mi salud a los residuos
graduales comprometidos en ella por el tiempo. Por otra parte, la magnitud y
dificultad de la confianza con la que la voz de mi País me llamó, siendo
suficiente para despertar en el más sabio y el más experimentado de sus
ciudadanos un escrutinio desconfiado a su calificación, no podía sino
abrumarnos con abatimiento, uno, que, heredando las dotaciones inferiores de la
naturaleza y sin práctica en los deberes de la administración civil, debe ser
particularmente consciente de sus propias deficiencias. En este conflicto de
emociones, todo atrevido al promedio, es decir, que ha sido mi fiel estudio
para recoger mi deber de una justa apreciación de todas las circunstancias en
la que puede verse afectada. Todo lo que anhelo es esperanza, es decir, que si
en la ejecución de esta tarea he estado demasiado influido por el recuerdo
agradecido de los antiguos casos, o por una sensibilidad cariñosa a esta prueba
trascendente, de la confianza de mis conciudadanos; y habiendo consultado poco mi
incapacidad, así como falta de inclinación para los cuidados de peso y no
probados antes de mí; mi error será paliado por los motivos que me engañaron, y
sus consecuencias serán juzgadas por mi país, con un poco de la parcialidad en la
que se originaron.
Siendo las impresiones en las que tengo, en
obediencia a la convocatoria pública, reparado ante la actual situación; sería
particularmente inapropiado omitir en este primer acto oficial mis fervientes
súplicas a ese Ser Todopoderoso que gobierna sobre el universo, que preside en
los Consejos de las Naciones, y cuyos dispositivos de ayuda providencial puede suplir
todos los defectos humanos, que su bendición pueda consagrar las libertades y
la felicidad del pueblo de los Estados Unidos, un gobierno instituido por sí
mismos para estos propósitos esenciales: y permitir a todos los instrumentos
empleados en su administración ejecutar con éxito las funciones asignadas a su
cargo. En la licitación de este homenaje al Gran Autor de todo bien público y
privado, os aseguro que expreso vuestros sentimientos no menos que los míos; ni
los de mis conciudadanos en general menos tampoco. Nadie puede ser obligado a
reconocer y adorar la mano invisible que conduce los asuntos de los hombres más
que el Pueblo de los Estados Unidos. Cada paso, por las cuales han avanzado
hasta el carácter de una nación independiente, parece que se ha distinguido por
alguna señal de la agencia providencial. Y en la revolución importante que se
acaba de lograr en el sistema de su Gobierno de los Estados, las deliberaciones
tranquilas y consentimiento voluntario de tantas comunidades distintas, de las
que el evento ha dado lugar, no se pueden comparar con los medios por los
cuales se han establecido la mayoría de los gobiernos, sin algún retorno de
piadosa gratitud junto con una humilde anticipación de las bendiciones futuras
que el pasado parecen presagiar. Estas reflexiones, que surgen de la crisis
actual, han obligado por sí mismos demasiado en mi mente a ser suprimidas.
Ustedes se unirán a mí, confío, en el pensamiento que no hay ninguno bajo los
cuales la influencia de las actas que un Gobierno nuevo y libre pueden comenzar
más auspicioso.
Por el artículo que establece el Departamento
Ejecutivo, se hace deber del Presidente “recomendar a su consideración las
medidas que estime necesarias y convenientes”. Las circunstancias en que ahora
me encuentro con ustedes me va a absolver de entrar en ese tema más allá de
referirse a la Gran Carta Constitucional en virtud de la cual se reúnan; y que,
en la definición de sus poderes, designará los objetos a los que vuestra
atención debe darse. Será más coherente con estas condiciones, y mucho más afín
con los sentimientos que me accionan, sustituir, en lugar de una recomendación
de medidas particulares, el homenaje que se debe a los talentos, la rectitud y
el patriotismo que adornan las figuras seleccionadas para diseñar y adoptarlas.
En estos títulos honorables contemplo las promesas más seguras, que a medida
que, por un lado, no hay prejuicios locales o accesorios; sin vistas separadas,
ni animosidades de partido, desviarán la atención integral y la igualdad que
debe velar por este gran conjunto de comunidades e intereses: así, en otro, que
los fundamentos de nuestra política nacional se establecerán en los principios
puros e inmutables de moralidad privada; y la preeminencia de un gobierno libre
se ejemplifica con todos los atributos que puedan ganar los afectos de sus
ciudadanos y ganarse el respeto del mundo.
Me detengo en este prospecto con todas las
satisfacciones que un ardiente amor por mi país puede inspirar: ya que no hay
verdad establecida más a fondo de lo que existe en la economía y curso de la
naturaleza, una unión indisoluble entre la virtud y la felicidad, entre el
deber y ventajas, entre las genuinas máximas de una política honesta y
magnánima y las recompensas sólidas de la prosperidad y la felicidad pública: por
ello debemos ser no menos persuadidos de que las sonrisas favorables del Cielo
nunca se pueden esperar en un país que no tiene en cuenta las reglas eternas de
orden y derecho que el Cielo mismo ha ordenado: y puesto que la preservación del
fuego sagrado de la libertad y el destino del modelo Republicano de Gobierno
son justamente considerados como profundamente, quizás como finalmente apostados,
el experimento confiado a las manos del pueblo estadounidense.
Además de los objetos ordinarios sometidos a vuestro
cuidado, se mantendrá con vuestro criterio decidir hasta qué punto un ejercicio
de la facultad delegada por el ocasional quinto artículo de la Constitución se
hace conveniente en la coyuntura actual por la naturaleza de las objeciones que
se han instado contra el Sistema, o por el grado de inquietud que ha dado a
luz. En lugar de realizar recomendaciones concretas sobre este tema, en el que
podía guiar por alguna luz derivada de oportunidades oficiales, voy a depositar
de nuevo toda mi confianza en su discernimiento y búsqueda del bien público:
Porque yo aseguro a mí mismo que, si bien ustedes cuidadosamente evitan toda
alteración que pueda poner en peligro los beneficios de un Gobierno de los
Estados eficaz, o que deben esperar las futuras lecciones de la experiencia;
una reverencia por los derechos característicos de los hombres libres y un
respeto por la armonía pública, serán suficientemente influyente en sus
deliberaciones sobre la cuestión hasta el punto de que el primero puede ser fortificado
hasta ser más inexpugnable, o éste sea seguro y promovido de manera ventajosa.
Para las observaciones precedentes tengo una que
añadir, que será dirigida más propiamente a la Cámara de Representantes. Se
refiere a mí mismo, y por lo tanto va a ser lo más breve posible. Cuando tuve
el primer honor con una llamada al servicio de mi país en la víspera de una
ardua lucha por sus libertades, la luz en la que contemplé mi deber requiere
que debo renunciar a toda indemnización pecuniaria. A partir de esta resolución
no he cambiado de parecer. Y estando aún bajo las impresiones que lo
produjeron, debo declinar como inaplicable a mí mismo toda participación en los
emolumentos personales que puedan ser indispensables e incluidos en una disposición
permanente del Departamento Ejecutivo; y por consiguiente debo solicitar que
las estimaciones pecuniarias para el puesto en la que me encuentro deberán,
durante mi permanencia en el mismo, limitarse a dichos gastos reales como el
bien público puede pensar que requerirá.
Habiendo impartido por tanto a ustedes mis
sentimientos, ya que se han despertado por la ocasión que nos reúne, me tomaré
la licencia de marcharme; pero no sin tener que recurrir una vez más a la
benigna parentela de la raza humana, en humilde súplica que desde que ha tenido
a bien favorecer al pueblo estadounidense, con oportunidades para deliberar en
perfecta tranquilidad y disposiciones para decidir por unanimidad sin parangón
una forma de gobierno por la seguridad de su Unión y el avance de su felicidad;
por lo que su bendición divina pueda ser igualmente visible en las vistas
ampliadas, las consultas de clima templado, y las medidas prudentes de la que
el éxito de este Gobierno debe depender.
Fellow Citizens of the Senate and the House of Representatives:
Among the vicissitudes incident to life, no event could have filled me with greater anxieties than that of which the notification was transmitted by your order, and received on the fourteenth day of the present month. On the one hand, I was summoned by my Country, whose voice I can never hear but with veneration and love, from a retreat which I had chosen with the fondest predilection, and, in my flattering hopes, with an immutable decision, as the asylum of my declining years: a retreat which was rendered every day more necessary as well as more dear to me, by the addition of habit to inclination, and of frequent interruptions in my health to the gradual waste committed on it by time. On the other hand, the magnitude and difficulty of the trust to which the voice of my Country called me, being sufficient to awaken in the wisest and most experienced of her citizens, a distrustful scrutiny into his qualification, could not but overwhelm with dispondence, one, who, inheriting inferior endowments from nature and unpractised in the duties of civil administration, ought to be peculiarly conscious of his own deficencies. In this conflict of emotions, all I dare aver, is, that it has been my faithful study to collect my duty from a just appreciation of every circumstance, by which it might be affected. All I dare hope, is, that, if in executing this task I have been too much swayed by a grateful remembrance of former instances, or by an affectionate sensibility to this transcendent proof, of the confidence of my fellow-citizens; and have thence too little consulted my incapacity as well as disinclination for the weighty and untried cares before me; my error will be palliated by the motives which misled me, and its consequences be judged by my Country, with some share of the partiality in which they originated.
Such being the impressions under which I have, in obedience to the public summons, repaired to the present station; it would be peculiarly improper to omit in this first official Act, my fervent supplications to that Almighty Being who rules over the Universe, who presides in the Councils of Nations, and whose providential aids can supply every human defect, that his benediction may consecrate to the liberties and happiness of the People of the United States, a Government instituted by themselves for these essential purposes: and may enable every instrument employed in its administration to execute with success, the functions allotted to his charge. In tendering this homage to the Great Author of every public and private good, I assure myself that it expresses your sentiments not less than my own; nor those of my fellow-citizens at large, less than either. No People can be bound to acknowledge and adore the invisible hand, which conducts the Affairs of men more than the People of the United States. Every step, by which they have advanced to the character of an independent nation, seems to have been distinguished by some token of providential agency. And in the important revolution just accomplished in the system of their United Government, the tranquil deliberations and voluntary consent of so many distinct communities, from which the event has resulted, cannot be compared with the means by which most Governments have been established, without some return of pious gratitude along with an humble anticipation of the future blessings which the past seem to presage. These reflections, arising out of the present crisis, have forced themselves too strongly on my mind to be suppressed. You will join with me I trust in thinking, that there are none under the influence of which, the proceedings of a new and free Government can more auspiciously commence.
By the article establishing the Executive Department, it is made the duty of the President "to recommend to your consideration, such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient." The circumstances under which I now meet you, will acquit me from entering into that subject, farther than to refer to the Great Constitutional Charter under which you are assembled; and which, in defining your powers, designates the objects to which your attention is to be given. It will be more consistent with those circumstances, and far more congenial with the feelings which actuate me, to substitute, in place of a recommendation of particular measures, the tribute that is due to the talents, the rectitude, and the patriotism which adorn the characters selected to devise and adopt them. In these honorable qualifications, I behold the surest pledges, that as on one side, no local prejudices, or attachments; no seperate views, nor party animosities, will misdirect the comprehensive and equal eye which ought to watch over this great assemblage of communities and interests: so, on another, that the foundations of our National policy will be laid in the pure and immutable principles of private morality; and the pre-eminence of a free Government, be exemplified by all the attributes which can win the affections of its Citizens, and command the respect of the world.
I dwell on this prospect with every satisfaction which an ardent love for my Country can inspire: since there is no truth more thoroughly established, than that there exists in the oeconomy and course of nature, an indissoluble union between virtue and happiness, between duty and advantage, between the genuine maxims of an honest and magnanimous policy, and the solid rewards of public prosperity and felicity: Since we ought to be no less persuaded that the propitious smiles of Heaven, can never be expected on a nation that disregards the eternal rules of order and right, which Heaven itself has ordained: And since the preservation of the sacred fire of liberty, and the destiny of the Republican model of Government, are justly considered as deeply, perhaps as finally staked, on the experiment entrusted to the hands of the American people.
Besides the ordinary objects submitted to your care, it will remain with your judgment to decide, how far an exercise of the occasional power delegated by the Fifth article of the Constitution is rendered expedient at the present juncture by the nature of objections which have been urged against the System, or by the degree of inquietude which has given birth to them. Instead of undertaking particular recommendations on this subject, in which I could be guided by no lights derived from official opportunities, I shall again give way to my entire confidence in your discernment and pursuit of the public good: For I assure myself that whilst you carefully avoid every alteration which might endanger the benefits of an United and effective Government, or which ought to await the future lessons of experience; a reverence for the characteristic rights of freemen, and a regard for the public harmony, will sufficiently influence your deliberations on the question how far the former can be more impregnably fortified, or the latter be safely and advantageously promoted.
To the preceeding observations I have one to add, which will be most properly addressed to the House of Representatives. It concerns myself, and will therefore be as brief as possible. When I was first honoured with a call into the Service of my Country, then on the eve of an arduous struggle for its liberties, the light in which I contemplated my duty required that I should renounce every pecuniary compensation. From this resolution I have in no instance departed. And being still under the impressions which produced it, I must decline as inapplicable to myself, any share in the personal emoluments, which may be indispensably included in a permanent provision for the Executive Department; and must accordingly pray that the pecuniary estimates for the Station in which I am placed, may, during my continuance in it, be limited to such actual expenditures as the public good may be thought to require.
Having thus imparted to you my sentiments, as they have been awakened by the occasion which brings us together, I shall take my present leave; but not without resorting once more to the benign parent of the human race, in humble supplication that since he has been pleased to favour the American people, with opportunities for deliberating in perfect tranquility, and dispositions for deciding with unparellelled unanimity on a form of Government, for the security of their Union, and the advancement of their happiness; so his divine blessing may be equally conspicuous in the enlarged views, the temperate consultations, and the wise measures on which the success of this Government must depend.
Original
Among the vicissitudes incident to life, no event could have filled me with greater anxieties than that of which the notification was transmitted by your order, and received on the fourteenth day of the present month. On the one hand, I was summoned by my Country, whose voice I can never hear but with veneration and love, from a retreat which I had chosen with the fondest predilection, and, in my flattering hopes, with an immutable decision, as the asylum of my declining years: a retreat which was rendered every day more necessary as well as more dear to me, by the addition of habit to inclination, and of frequent interruptions in my health to the gradual waste committed on it by time. On the other hand, the magnitude and difficulty of the trust to which the voice of my Country called me, being sufficient to awaken in the wisest and most experienced of her citizens, a distrustful scrutiny into his qualification, could not but overwhelm with dispondence, one, who, inheriting inferior endowments from nature and unpractised in the duties of civil administration, ought to be peculiarly conscious of his own deficencies. In this conflict of emotions, all I dare aver, is, that it has been my faithful study to collect my duty from a just appreciation of every circumstance, by which it might be affected. All I dare hope, is, that, if in executing this task I have been too much swayed by a grateful remembrance of former instances, or by an affectionate sensibility to this transcendent proof, of the confidence of my fellow-citizens; and have thence too little consulted my incapacity as well as disinclination for the weighty and untried cares before me; my error will be palliated by the motives which misled me, and its consequences be judged by my Country, with some share of the partiality in which they originated.
Such being the impressions under which I have, in obedience to the public summons, repaired to the present station; it would be peculiarly improper to omit in this first official Act, my fervent supplications to that Almighty Being who rules over the Universe, who presides in the Councils of Nations, and whose providential aids can supply every human defect, that his benediction may consecrate to the liberties and happiness of the People of the United States, a Government instituted by themselves for these essential purposes: and may enable every instrument employed in its administration to execute with success, the functions allotted to his charge. In tendering this homage to the Great Author of every public and private good, I assure myself that it expresses your sentiments not less than my own; nor those of my fellow-citizens at large, less than either. No People can be bound to acknowledge and adore the invisible hand, which conducts the Affairs of men more than the People of the United States. Every step, by which they have advanced to the character of an independent nation, seems to have been distinguished by some token of providential agency. And in the important revolution just accomplished in the system of their United Government, the tranquil deliberations and voluntary consent of so many distinct communities, from which the event has resulted, cannot be compared with the means by which most Governments have been established, without some return of pious gratitude along with an humble anticipation of the future blessings which the past seem to presage. These reflections, arising out of the present crisis, have forced themselves too strongly on my mind to be suppressed. You will join with me I trust in thinking, that there are none under the influence of which, the proceedings of a new and free Government can more auspiciously commence.
By the article establishing the Executive Department, it is made the duty of the President "to recommend to your consideration, such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient." The circumstances under which I now meet you, will acquit me from entering into that subject, farther than to refer to the Great Constitutional Charter under which you are assembled; and which, in defining your powers, designates the objects to which your attention is to be given. It will be more consistent with those circumstances, and far more congenial with the feelings which actuate me, to substitute, in place of a recommendation of particular measures, the tribute that is due to the talents, the rectitude, and the patriotism which adorn the characters selected to devise and adopt them. In these honorable qualifications, I behold the surest pledges, that as on one side, no local prejudices, or attachments; no seperate views, nor party animosities, will misdirect the comprehensive and equal eye which ought to watch over this great assemblage of communities and interests: so, on another, that the foundations of our National policy will be laid in the pure and immutable principles of private morality; and the pre-eminence of a free Government, be exemplified by all the attributes which can win the affections of its Citizens, and command the respect of the world.
I dwell on this prospect with every satisfaction which an ardent love for my Country can inspire: since there is no truth more thoroughly established, than that there exists in the oeconomy and course of nature, an indissoluble union between virtue and happiness, between duty and advantage, between the genuine maxims of an honest and magnanimous policy, and the solid rewards of public prosperity and felicity: Since we ought to be no less persuaded that the propitious smiles of Heaven, can never be expected on a nation that disregards the eternal rules of order and right, which Heaven itself has ordained: And since the preservation of the sacred fire of liberty, and the destiny of the Republican model of Government, are justly considered as deeply, perhaps as finally staked, on the experiment entrusted to the hands of the American people.
Besides the ordinary objects submitted to your care, it will remain with your judgment to decide, how far an exercise of the occasional power delegated by the Fifth article of the Constitution is rendered expedient at the present juncture by the nature of objections which have been urged against the System, or by the degree of inquietude which has given birth to them. Instead of undertaking particular recommendations on this subject, in which I could be guided by no lights derived from official opportunities, I shall again give way to my entire confidence in your discernment and pursuit of the public good: For I assure myself that whilst you carefully avoid every alteration which might endanger the benefits of an United and effective Government, or which ought to await the future lessons of experience; a reverence for the characteristic rights of freemen, and a regard for the public harmony, will sufficiently influence your deliberations on the question how far the former can be more impregnably fortified, or the latter be safely and advantageously promoted.
To the preceeding observations I have one to add, which will be most properly addressed to the House of Representatives. It concerns myself, and will therefore be as brief as possible. When I was first honoured with a call into the Service of my Country, then on the eve of an arduous struggle for its liberties, the light in which I contemplated my duty required that I should renounce every pecuniary compensation. From this resolution I have in no instance departed. And being still under the impressions which produced it, I must decline as inapplicable to myself, any share in the personal emoluments, which may be indispensably included in a permanent provision for the Executive Department; and must accordingly pray that the pecuniary estimates for the Station in which I am placed, may, during my continuance in it, be limited to such actual expenditures as the public good may be thought to require.
Having thus imparted to you my sentiments, as they have been awakened by the occasion which brings us together, I shall take my present leave; but not without resorting once more to the benign parent of the human race, in humble supplication that since he has been pleased to favour the American people, with opportunities for deliberating in perfect tranquility, and dispositions for deciding with unparellelled unanimity on a form of Government, for the security of their Union, and the advancement of their happiness; so his divine blessing may be equally conspicuous in the enlarged views, the temperate consultations, and the wise measures on which the success of this Government must depend.
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